A collection of chest x-rays in pleural effusion. The spectrum range from imaging findings in classical moderate to massive pleural effusion to findings in small loculated effusion. Pleural effusion was confirmed with ultrasound or CT-thorax in all of them.

Launch video     Published: 28-Sep-2010 08:48:53 PM GMT   Views: 7127    Reviews: 1

Heart beating in the abdominal wall defect (epigastrium). The components of Pentology of Cantrell are abdominal wall defect, diaphragmatic defect, sternal cleft, pericardial defect, and intracardiac anomaly.

Launch video     Published: 16-Sep-2010 07:11:54 PM GMT   Views: 3178

The video successfully demonstrates all the stages of peristalsis visible in the epigastrium as characterized by the patients of pyloric stenosis.

Launch video     Published: 10-Sep-2010 07:05:45 AM GMT   Views: 4614

Clonus is defined as recurrent uninhibited contraction of a skeletal muscle [ often a group of muscles ] to persistent stretch.  This may result due to disease affecting the  pyramidal tract and occasionally extra-pyramidal tract. The video shows the classical ankle clonus which is obtained by  supporting the leg by holding the upper part of the calf muscle just below popliteal fossa  and  passive   dorsiflexion of  the ankle joint. This passive dorsiflexion  should be quick and the stretch  must be sustained for sometime. The   video shows recurrent  oscillation of the  ankle joint due to persistent contraction of the muscles contributing to achiles tendon [  gastronemius and soleus ] .The quick  passive dorsiflexion is maintained for 20 seconds in the video. This patient was suffering from cerebro-vascular accident . Presence of  sustained clonus indicates a severe pyramidal tract involvement. An ill sustained clonus for few seconds may occur in anxious patients and those suffering from psychiatric illness.  

Launch video     Published: 06-Sep-2010 05:55:36 PM GMT   Views: 5814