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- The birth of antibiotics: cutting a long story short. Part 1
A difficult beginning : Nowadays we are so used to the antibiotics that we take them for granted. However, there was a time were common bacterial infections were at ease and minor scratches or simple cuts were fatal. All started when syphilis, although known for centuries, became the 19th century version of today’s Aids epidemic. This se..
- Legal death asks, "What's in a name?"
Abstract: Legal death asks, “What’s in a name?” Before defining death, we must understand what life is and, after understanding life, we must ponder why we are defining death. Essentially, death is the time-point when the body, as a whole, is ready to begin its irreversible decomposition and decay so that the elements form..
- NSND (Not Sure-Never-Definitely) {YNDK (Yes-No-Don't Know)} APP: "Rate Thyself"
Introduction: In the modern digital world of online ratings-and-reviews, it is important to “Know Thyself” [1-4]. Therefore, instead of being rated-and-reviewed only by strongly motivated consumers who are documenting their strongly perceived positive-or-negative interactions-and-experiences, facilities-and-providers should them..
- A Critical Review of the Bacteria Serratia marcescens and its Impact on Human Health
Abstract : Serratia marcescens is a gram negative bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Serratia marcescens is a motile opportunistic pathogen that produces the signature red pigment product prodigiosin. It possesses a thin cell membrane and thin peptidoglycan layer surrounded by an outer lipopolysaccharide (LPS) filled mem..
- Effectiveness of Mandibular Lip Bumper therapy in mixed dentition patients- A review of literature
Abstract : The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effects of Lip Bumper therapy on the mandibular arch in mixed dentition patients. The main objectives of this appliance are the reduction of anterior mandibular crowding, the distalization of the first permanent molars and the increase of arch width, depth and circumfer..
- Evaluation of the correlation between tooth size-arch length and bone dimension for the correct position of orthodontic miniscrew: a literature review
Abstract : Objective: To define a map of secure spaces where miniscrew can be likely placed at a level covered by attached gingiva, and to assess if a correlation between crowding and availability of space exists. For this reason, orthopantograms and CBCT images are been evaluated to search safe zones. Methods: A manual and elect..
- Effects of functional appliances on pharyngeal airways in patients with class II malocclusions: a literature review
Abstract : Class II malocclusions may be classified into four main groups: protrusive maxillary dentition, maxilla protrusion, mandibular deficiency and excessive or deficient vertical development. Mandibular deficiency seems to be the most frequent characteristic in class II malocclusions. Severe mandibular deficiency can reduce..
- Borderline patients: orthodontics or surgery? A literature review
Abstract: Borderline subjects are defined as those patients whose malocclusion can be treated either with orthodontic dental compensation (camouflage) or with surgical treatment of repositioning of the jaws in the three planes of the space. A correct diagnosis is one of the most difficult decision for orthodontic clinician. The ..
- Soft Tissue Effects of Twin Block and Herbst Functional Appliances: A Systematic Review
ABSTRACT : In growing patients, it is possible to correct a Class II malocclusion due to skeletal mandibular retrognthia with fixed and removable functional orthodontic appliances. The aim of this study is to evaluate facial soft tissue changes after the use of Twin Block (TB) and Herbst appliance in Class II division 1 malocclus..
- Orthodontic/Orthopedic Treatment of Hemifacial Microsomia: a review.
Abstract : Hemifacial microsomia is the second most frequent craniofacial birth defect after cleft lip and palate. Reported incidence varies from 1 case every 3000 to 1 case every 5600 newborns. The cause is unk..
- Biomechanical advantages and adverse effects of Lingual Orthodontic treatment: a review
Abstract : Backgrounds: The use of lingual orthodontic treatment is increased in recent years, especially between late adolescents and adults, for aesthetic reasons. The new lingual bracket systems developed (fully customized brackets, that use CAD/CAM technologies) have shown a good adaptation on the teeth’s surfaces and less ..
- Bionator di Balters and Frankel in the treatment of class II malocclusions: a literature review
Abstract: Functional devices in class II malocclusions can optimize mandibular growth in order to obtain a first-class skeletal relationship, normalising neuromuscular activity and achieving harmonious anatomical relations. The aim of this review is to compare the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects produced by the Frankel II (FR..
- Exploring different types of treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: a review
Abstract : Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a complete or partial airway obstruction that can cause significant impacts on patient′s life in aspects as craniofacial diseases, cognitive performance and quality of life. The variety of intervention for treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are complex, ..
- Dentoalveolar and Skeletal Effects of Occlus-o-guide: a literature review
Abstract : The Occlus-o-guide is a preformed, elastomeric, removable orthodontic appliance used in early age to prevent the development of malocclusions. It can be considered as a functional device, due to its ability to bring the mandibule forward to correct II Class malocclusion and a positioner for performing minimal tooth mov..
- Factors considered by patients for selection of a dental hospital and consumer's choice of dentist in Hyderabad city- A cross sectional study.
Abstract : Introduction: A successful oral health care service system is required for providing quality service and it is important to put efforts into improving the quality of dental services delivered.Therefore it is necessary to explore the factors considered by patients for selection of a dental hospital and patient’s choic..
- The role of the orthodontist in OSAS treatment. A literature review
Abstract : The objective of this study is to make a review of literature about OSAS analyzing the different therapeutic strategies used by the orthodontist to treat subjects suffering from this disorder. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is defined as recurrent episodes of obstruction of the upper airway. Loud snoring, tire..
- Congenital Vertical Talus - Etiology, Pathogenesis and Current Updates in Management.
ABSTRACT: Congenital Verical Talus (CVT) is a rare foot deformity which is most often unrecognised/ misdiagnosed at birth. Inadequate management leads to abnormal gait, shoe wear problems, callosities, pain and functional limitations. Etiology is heterogenous - genetic disorder associated, neuro muscular or idiopathic. Restorati..
- ISOLATED OSTEOCHONDROMA OF PROXIMAL FEMORAL METAPHYSIS PRESENTING AS A MECHANICAL BLOCK TO HIP RANGE OF MOTION AND PAIN
Abstract : Osteochondromas are the commonest bone tumors. They cease to grow post skeletal maturity and are rarely malignant(1%), thus making the indications for their excision very minimal. Diagnosis is usually confirmed on a radiograph, since most are asymptomatic, a conservative protocol is followed. Rapid increase in size, es..
- Trinity of Life: Brain-Heart-Lungs
My opinion: As perioperative and critical care physicians, we are always encountering dilemmas about the definition of death. Without delving into philosophical intricacies about this definition from an individual’s perspective, I want to focus on how and when specific organs can be proclaimed dead wherein some organs’ deaths ..
- Centralized Updated Virtual Repository of Credentialed Physicians
My opinion: The question isn’t why each hospital separately credentials physicians [1] but the question is why so many credentialing entities exist to credential physicians, again and again. Doesn’t the constantly growing number of credentialing entities evaporate the sanctity of credentialing by becoming redundant, over-exhau..
- Hand On Forehead: Can It Calm Our Perioperative And Critical Care Patients? A Worth Exploring Non-Pharmacological Intervention's Efficacy
Abstract: In regards to soothing and healing hands on our foreheads, we as medical scientists have begun to wonder and question whether human touch soothes and how maternal touch heals. Thus, we as anesthesiologists and perioperative physicians and critical care specialists have envisaged a protocol which can be used to seek the..
- Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: a brief overview.
Abstract : Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease that accounts for 15-20% of all breast cancers. This represents the most challenging molecular subtype of breast cancer. Methods This article will make a comprehensive review of these therapies in the treatment of TNBC and it will give a glimpse..
- Difference in Surgical Outcomes between Open and Closed Approach of Palatal Displaced Maxillary Canines: a systematic review
Abstract : Palatally displaced canines or PDCs are upper permanent canines, are very important teeth that define the aestethics of smile. However, these teeth can be impacted during the long period between gems formation and their eruption. This leave unsightly gaps, cause damage to the surrounding roots (which can be so severe t..
- Comparation between Surgical and Orthodontic Uprighting Procedures for the Management of Impacted Mandibular Second Molars: a systematic review
Abstract : Mandibular second molars are one of the most frequent type of teeth to be impacted, after the third molars and maxillary canines. The prevalence of impacted second molars is low, varying from 0% to 2.3%; and the aetiology of impaction can involve multiple factors: systemic, local, and periodontal factors, as well as a ..
- Correlations between mandibular asymmetries and temporo-mandibular disorders (TMD): literature review.
Introduction: Cranio-facial asymmetries, and in particular those with mandibular involvement, are a topic of great interest in modern literature, both for the different diagnostic frameworks of reference, and for the possible therapeutic approaches that can provide only orthodontics or in combination with maxillofacial surgery. One ..
- Skeletal and dentoalveolar effects in patients with Class II malocclusions using Twin Block appliance A review of literature
Abstract : Functional appliances therapy have been shown to be an effective treatment protocol for growing Class II patients, through a combination of skeletal and dentoalveolar effects. Many literature studies revealed a significant increase in mandibular length and a minimum restriction on the maxillary growth in Class II maloc..
- Evaluation of skeletal and dental changes in Class II patients treated with Frankel appliance.
Abstract : The aim of the present article is to assess the treatment results of Class II, Division 1 patients with mandibular retrusion using the Frankel appliance. Several studies demonstrated that the FR appliance produced no significant changes in the maxillary development and a statistically significant increase in the mandib..
- ORAL FEATURES AND ORTHODONTIC TREATMENTS IN SUBJECTS WITH CLEIDOCRANIAL DISPLASYA: a review
Abstract : The Cleidocranial Dysplasia (CCD), is a rare autosomal dominant disease due to a genetic mutation; it primarily affect skull, clavicles and dentition.Dentists are often the first to encounter patients with CCD, for this reason it is important they have a deep knowledge about the clinical features of this disorder. A re..
- Skeletal and dental effects of Herbst appliance in II class malocclusions: a systematic review
the aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of using Herbst Appliance in II class malocclusions caused by a backward mandibular position. : Skeletal and dental effects of Herbst appliance in II class malocclusion: a systematic review Abstract: the aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of using Herbst Appliance in II class malocclusions caused by a backward mandibular position. Materials and method: for this review scientific articles found..
- GIVE UP ON REMIFENTANIL LABOR ANALGESIA: India-Based Anesthesiologist and America-Based Anesthesiologist Siblings' Dialogue Series
Abstract: Question: Should We Give Up On Remifentanil Labor Analgesia As A Potential Alternative To Labor Epidural Analgesia? Answer: It Depends...
- FUN IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN FOOD: India-Based Anesthesiologist and America-Based Anesthesiologist Siblings' Dialogue Series
Abstract: Question: Why Don’t We Enjoy Our Jobs Which Put Food On Our Tables? Answer: May Be Our Souls Are Searching For Fun Rather Than Food...
- RUSH HOUR DRIVING NUTS: India-Based Anesthesiologist and America-Based Anesthesiologist Siblings' Dialogue Series
Abstract: Question: Why Do Our Rush Hours Drive Us Nuts? Answer: May Be Our Millenniums’ Old Circadian Rhythm Is Fighting A Losing Battle...
- RESPITE CARE FOR OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OF WORKING PARENTS: India-Based Anesthesiologist and America-Based Anesthesiologist Siblings' Dialogue Series
Abstract: Question: Who Is A Godparent? Who Is A Third Parent? Answer: May Be The Extra One Who Not Only Helps To Rear The Child But Also Provides Respite Care To Child’s Parents...
- ANTICOAGULANT-ANTIPLATELET MEDICATIONS BEYOND NEURAXIAL PROCEDURES: India-Based Anesthesiologist and America-Based Anesthesiologist Siblings' Dialogue Series
Abstract: Question: Are We, As Anesthesiologists, Worried About Anticoagulant-Antiplatelet Only When Performing Neuraxial Procedures? Answer: May NOT Be...
- A model to prevent benign breast diseases (BBD) and/or breast cancers using warm running water and massage (or tap)
Abstract: Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women in the world. Benign breast diseases (BBD), such as breast gland hyperpl..
- Review of the endoscopic and medical management of non-variceal Upper Gastro-intestinal Bleeding
Abstract : Acute Upper Gastro-intestinal bleeding(UGIB), defined as bleeding from a source that is proximal to the ligament of treitz, is a potentially life threatening medical emergency. The underlying pathophysiology of non-variceal upper GI bleeds involve either arterial haemorrhage, such as in mucosal tears or GI ulcers, or v..
- Comparison of Analytical Techniques for Thermal Stability Analysis of Beta-Cyclodextrin for an Ebola Virus Infection Treatment
ABSTRACT: Each New Drug Application filed with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) must include the analytical procedures to ensure the identity, strength, quality, purity, and potency of a drug substance and drug product. The BSN389 drug product (being developed to treat Ebola virus infections) includes beta cyclodextrin..
- Setting Starting Level for a Trial of a Biofilm-Disrupting Adjuvant
Abstract: Combination therapy is beneficial treatment modality for multiple diseases. Cinnamon oil may be an advantageous agent in a number of combination therapies as cinnamon oil has antibacterial activity. Cinnamon oil has also been shown to be effective against biofilm cultures of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus plant..
- Characterization of BSN175: A Drug to Treat Prader-Willi Syndrome
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research is to choose the best analytical method for determining stability of BSN175. This research uses an accelerated stability study to compare the decomposed and stable drug using IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The Bootstrap Error-adjusted Single-sample Technique (BEST) was used to compare the effe..
- The Core Question Named "Whydunit"
My opinion: I am addicted to reading because I am addicted to exploring. Recently I read three books, not in a particular sequence, which aligned my line of thought to a tee. The first book was The Alienist by Caleb Carr [1], read after religiously watching television series, The Alienist on TNT [2], a cable television network. Th..
- Ask Joint Commission: What Say When Overlay?
Abstract: The prevalence of overlays (overwriting) in electronic medical record (EMR) system has been well established. The literature is abundant in regards to the consequences of overlays for patient safety, the technical costs of cleaning EMR from its overlays, and the essentiality to prevent overlays. However, it is not clea..
- Freedom for Vacation with Telehealth
My opinion: Documentation in recent medical literature about successful exploration of telehealth for distant and poorly accessible geographical regions' patients' primary care's continuity has intrigued us.1 It has made us wonder if this avenue can be explored from primary care physicians' personal perspective wherein telehealth ..
- Do Operating Room Work Environments Associate With Personnel's Contact Lenses' Abandonment? A Questionnaire Study Worth Exploring
Background: Since the time when our department's paper [1] was published about the potential incidence of dry eye problems in relation to operating room environments, the thought process has been in the need for further clinical research investigation. To gauge the potential of our operating room environments possibly affecting th..
- Are We Prescribing More Than 3-Days Worth Opioids' Prescriptions To Our Outpatient Surgical Patients When Discharged On Day Of Surgery? A Quality Improvement Study Worth Exploring
Background: Since the time when Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with the guidelines [1] to further responsible attitude towards opioid prescriptions in acute pain settings, we have been wondering the status of awareness among opioid prescribers in our institution as well as their responsiveness to the CDC .. - Avascular Necrosis (AVN) of the Coccyx as a Cause of Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)
Abstract : Introduction: Coccydynia (coccyx pain, tailbone pain) has many etiologies. Avascular necrosis (AVN, osteonecrosis) of the coccyx is a rarely reported cause of coccyx pain. Case report: We present a case of a 35-year-old male who presented with complaints of four years of worsening coccyx pain. He had a history of bilat..
- Rehabilitation Models of Mechanisms, Preventions and Treatments of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Caused by Toxic Invasions
Abstract : Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset, progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder; there is no cure for ALS to date and the causes of this degeneration are still unknown. In this..
- Obtaining a clearer perspective on the differently abled: a case study from a Caribbean medical school
Abstract : Movies are used in medical schools for a variety of purposes ranging from learning of professionalism, public health, drug dependence, disability among others. In a medical school in Aruba, Dutch Caribbean movies and activities were used to strengthen learning of communication skills, empathy, professionalism, and deat..
- Audit of Maternity Care Outcomes Using the Moving Average Technique
Abstract: Maternity audits are typically shown as monthly figures. These often show spuriously high or ow values. The aim of this study was to audit maternity outcomes over time by applying the moving average technique. This audit of maternity outcomes was conducted at the Nepean Hospital in Sydney, Australia. Variables included..
- Modeling Working Mechanisms of Human Cochlea
Abstract: To keep healthy people from auditory dysfunction such as hearing loss, tinnitus et al, it is significant to understand the working mechanisms of the cochlea. Bekesy discovered the physical mechanism o..
- Relationship between Caregivers' Socio-Economic Status and Childhood Tuberculosis in Bauchi State, Northeastern Nigeria
Abstract: Background:Childhood tuberculosis (CTB), remains a neglected aspect of the TB epidemic despite accounting for 10% of the global TB burden and being responsible for 210,000 deaths in 2016. Furthermore, TB research, prevention, and control worldwide has predominantly focused on adults, neglecting children 0-14 years o..
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